The EN 14348 standard focuses on "Evaluation of mycobacterial killing efficacy", and this is especially important considering the fact that some pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, may be resistant to disinfectants and antiseptics. Such microorganisms can be the causative agent of many diseases and therefore it is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfectants against these bacteria.
A brief summary of the Quantitative Suspension Test according to the EN 14348 standard is as follows:
1. **Preparation of Bacterial Culture**: One of the Mycobacterium species (usually used as Mycobacterium terrae or Mycobacterium avium, as these are a model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can be tested safely under laboratory conditions) is grown on a suitable medium.
2. **Suspension Preparation**: The resulting mycobacterial culture is diluted to form a suspension with a specific cell density.
3. **Disinfectant Application**: The disinfectant or antiseptic to be tested is contacted with mycobacteria suspension at a certain time and concentration.
4. **Sampling**: At the end of the specified time, a sample is taken and treated with a suitable substance to neutralize the effect of the disinfectant on mycobacteria.
5. **Live Cell Count**: An appropriate method (usually colony counting) is used to quantify the mycobacteria count.
6. **Outcome Evaluation**: The difference between the initial and subsequent mycobacterial counts is used to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of the disinfectant or antiseptic.
The results of this test provide information on the effectiveness of the disinfectant and antiseptic against mycobacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogenic type of mycobacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), which is why this type of testing is extremely important in the medical and health field. The EN 14348 standard is a guideline adopted in Europe for evaluating the effectiveness of disinfectants and antiseptics against mycobacteria.